Among the simplest organisms there are many parasites of animals and humans. Below are the parasitic protozoa that cause the most serious and common diseases.
Amoeba dysentery
Dysenteric amoeba is similar to common amoeba, but is smaller and has shorter and wider rhizomes. It enters the human digestive system through the mouth at the cyst stage. In the large intestine, the amoeba leaves the cyst and feeds on bacteria without harming humans. In the future, this simplest organism begins to invade the intestinal wall, feeds on red blood cells and becomes a parasite. Ulcers form in the intestines, exhausting the human body. There is a disease of amoebic dysentery, or amoebiasis.
Amoeba dysentery can enter the bloodstream and reach the liver. Here, too, the parasite leads to the formation of purulent ulcers.
Forming cysts, amoeba leaves the human body with undigested food debris. Light cysts spread easily. If you don't wash your hands and food, you can get infected with it.
Malaria Plasmodium
Plasmodia are parasitic protozoa. Certain types of plasmodia cause malaria in humans. The carrier of malaria plasmodia is the malaria mosquito. During an insect bite, the plasmodium enters the bloodstream of the host. Together with the blood, it reaches the liver, feeds there, grows and multiplies. After that, many plasmodia enter the bloodstream again and begin to parasitize erythrocytes, destroying them and releasing their wastes, which poison the host. A person develops a fever, he has anemia.
If a patient with malaria is bitten again by an Anopheles mosquito, then the plasmodia will pass from person to mosquito. In the body of a mosquito, Plasmodium reproduces sexually.
Malaria is common in Africa. It is a very dangerous disease. Fight against malaria, including the destruction of malaria mosquitoes.
Trypanosomes
Trypanosomes of the genus are parasitic protozoa with flagella (related to euglena). Their main host is a vertebrate, and insects are usually carriers. Different representatives of trypanosomes cause different diseases of animals and humans. They parasitize mainly in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The best known and most common sleeping sickness caused by trypanosome species.
The vector of sleeping sickness is the tsetse fly. This disease is typical of tropical Africa. Sleeping sickness develops in two stages: the first few weeks of a person are tormented by fever and pain, after a month or more of drowsiness, trouble sleeping and coordination, and a change in consciousness. The disease is easier to treat at the first stage.
Giardia
Giardia is a genus of parasitic flagellated protozoa. Intestinal lamblia causes giardiasis in humans and animals, in which the parasite lives in the small intestine.
A person becomes infected with Giardiasis by eating unwashed food that contains Giardia cysts. As it emerges from the cyst, the lamblia adheres to the intestines and feeds on digested food.
Leishmania
Leishmania is another genus of parasitic protozoa. They cause leishmaniasis in humans and many other animals. The vectors are mosquitoes.
There are different types of leishmaniasis associated with damage to various tissues of the body. One of them is Pendinsky's ulcer, a skin disease.
Coccidia
Coccidia parasitize many animals, including worms, arthropods, and fish. They cause diseases of coccidiosis, which cause serious damage in animal husbandry and fish farming.
Coccidia settle as spores containing parasitic cells.
The genus Toxoplasma belongs to the coccidia. Their representatives cause such a widespread disease in humans as toxoplasmosis. A person is infected with pets or undercooked meat foods. Toxoplasms affect many organs, including the nervous system.